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本課程主要介紹中國傳統叢林建築風格及園林精神。叢林建築與園林往往彰顯著佛教的宇宙觀，是曼荼羅的另一種演繹。學員於修讀此課程後，期望能透過認識叢林建築及造園藝術，活潑地理解大乘佛教的深層義理，明白一色一香無非中道。課程首先介紹唐代敦煌壁畫的淨土建築、繼而探索宋代五山十剎圖，進而介绍一些日本奈良、京都的現存佛寺及園林，最後詳細介紹香港志蓮淨苑的唐式木構建築特色及南蓮園池所彰顯的佛教園林意涵。

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During the 3 hours exam, you can not close computer, you can not skip, you can not forward or backward. You must finish the exam. Please answer 4 questions out of the following 8, and write your answers in the space provided below. Please indicate the question number that you are answering. Click "finish" when you complete all answers.

1) Why could the Han Chinese accept Buddhism when they already had advanced religions such as Confucianism and Taoism?

2) In the history of translation of Chinese Buddhist texts, why were Kumārajīva’s translations more popular than that of others?

3) Discuss the social conflict of “Monks should not pay respect to kings.”

4) Highlight the distinguished features of Tang Buddhism.

5) Elucidate Huayan’s doctrine of mutual containment and interpenetration of all phenomena.

6) Why is the Pure Land School popular in China?

7) Discuss the syncretism of Buddhism during the Ming dynasty.

8) From a historical perspective, discuss the future of Buddhism in China.

During the 3 hours exam, you can not close computer, you can not skip, you can not forward or backward. You must finish the exam. Please answer 4 questions out of the following 8, and write your answers in the space provided below. Please indicate the question number that you are answering. Click "finish" when you complete all answers.

1) Discuss the fundamentals of Buddhist psychotherapy in relation to mental illness.

2) Give an account of Buddhist psychopathology and its central elements.

3) Discuss the Buddhist analysis of mental disorders and abnormal behaviours.

4) Compare and contrast the Buddhist and western perspectives on mental illness.
5) Examine the psychotherapeutic value of Insight meditation (vipassana bhavana) on psychological disorders.

6) The Buddha is a great psychotherapist. Give your comments based on relevant Suttas.

7) Elucidate the applicability of mettā bhāvanā (loving-kindness meditation) in relevance to depression.
8) Write on any two of the following:

a) The Visuddhimagga and its psychotherapeutic value.
b) Ethics and the psychotherapist from the Buddhist perspective.
c) Relevance of the Satipatthana Sutta to Buddhist Psychotherapy.
d) Buddhist analysis of the human being.

During the 3 hours exam, you can not close computer, you can not skip, you can not forward or backward. You must finish the exam. Please answer 4 questions out of the following 8, and write your answers in the space provided below. Please indicate the question number that you are answering. Click "finish" when you complete all answers.

1. Explain the importance of cultivating the four sublime states of mind.

2. Discuss the Buddhist way of improving human relations.

3. Explain the Buddhist approach to wise ways of acquiring wealth and unwise ways of spending wealth.

4. What role does Buddhism play in shaping our attitude towards nature?

5. Some said that “Buddhist ethics is purely psychological”. Do you agree? Why?

6. Explain the concepts of filial piety as found in Early Buddhism.

7. Describe the magic of right speech in dealing with human relation.

8. Evaluate the effects of the Buddhist five precepts for a peaceful and harmonious society.

During the 3 hours exam, you can not close computer, you can not skip, you can not forward or backward. You must finish the exam. Please answer 4 questions out of the following 8, and write your answers in the space provided below. Please indicate the question number that you are answering. Click "finish" when you complete all answers.

1. Explain the rise of Sarvastivāda and its significance in the history of Buddhism.

2. Describe the differences between the dharma theory of Sarvastivāda and that of Theravāda.

3. Explain the historical significance of Sarvastivāda teaching and its relation to some Mahāyāna teachings.

4. Elucidate the historical significance of Mahāsānghika and its relation to Theravāda.

5. Explain how the Mahāsānghika school influenced Mahāyāna Buddhism.

6. Explain the doctrine of Pudgalavāda and how it evoked controversy.

7. On the basis of your opinion, argue for or against the Pudgalavāda theory.

8. Explain in detail the idea and the controversy surrounding the
theory of Antarābhava.

During the 3 hours exam, you can not close computer, you can not skip, you can not forward or backward. You must finish the exam. Please answer 4 questions out of the following 8, and write your answers in the space provided below. Please indicate the question number that you are answering. Click "finish" when you complete all answers.

1. What is the essential characteristics of Mahayana Buddhism? Explain the logic of compassion in Mahayana perspective.

2. How does the development of the two major movements - Mahayana and Hinayana gradually diverged into eighteen sub-schools.

3. Discuss historically the origin and reasons for the arising of Mahayana Buddhism?

4. What is the fundamental goal and practices of every Buddhist?

5. Write what you know about the Buddhist doctrine of emptiness?

7. Discuss the concept of skillful means as practice in Mahayana.

8. Write your analysis on the Teachings of Pure Land and some of the features that appeals to its practitioner.

During the 3 hours exam, you can not close computer, you can not skip, you can not forward or backward. You must finish the exam. Please answer 4 questions out of the following 8, and write your answers in the space provided below. Please indicate the question number that you are answering. Click "finish" when you complete all answers.

1) How do you distinguish ‘Theravāda Buddhism’ from ‘Early Buddhism’? Explain.

2) Describe in what way a Buddha differs from an arahant?

3) Explain the nature of nibbāna in relation to the attainments of an arahant.

4) Provide an explanation of the six supernormal knowledge (abhiññā).

5) Illustrate the synthetical and analytical aspects of the dependent origination.

6) Explain the correlation between the middle teaching (dependent origination) and the middle practice (noble eight fold path) of Buddhism.

7) Explain the theory of kamma and its different types.

8) How does the travelling in saṃsāra take place if there is no independently existing self-entity in beings? Explain.

During the 3 hours exam, you can not close computer, you can not skip, you can not forward or backward. You must finish the exam. Please answer 4 questions out of the following 8, and write your answers in the space provided below. Please indicate the question number that you are answering. Click "finish" when you complete all answers.

1. Discuss briefly the Buddhist schools introduced from China during the Nara period and comment on the characteristics of the Nara schools.

2. Assess critically the contributions of the Tendai school towards the establishment of the Kamakura Buddhism.

3. Discuss critically the 5 periods and 8 doctrines of the Tendai School of Buddhism in Japan.

4. Examine the origins of the Mappo Theory (Degeneration of True Dharma) in India and critically assess the impact it had upon the development of Buddhism in Japan.

5. Describe the basic teachings of Zen Buddhism and its influence on the peoples’ culture.

6. Discuss the salient teachings of the Pure Land form of Buddhism.

7. Explain Shingon teachings.

8. Write short notes on TWO of the following:- a) Shinto beliefs, b) Meiji period, c) Prince Shotogu, d) Samurai class, e) Bodhidharma.